Madagascar Sphecidae

1 November 2000

A CATALOG OF SPHECIDAE OF MADAGASCAR

compiled by
Wojciech J. Pulawski

California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94 118, USA
phone: (415) 750-7236; fax: (415) 750-7228; e-mail: wpulawski@calacademy.org

This catalog is meant to include a complete list of Sphecidae known to occur in Madagascar, with complete bibliographic references pertaining to each. Genera and species are listed alphabetically. Data include a reference to the original descriptions, status of the type specimen, the type locality and type depository (in parentheses), as well al all subsequent references and synonyms. Full bibliographic citations can be found at www.calacademy.org (under Academy Research/Entomology/Bibliography of Sphecidae). Institutions where type specimens are deposited are abbreviated as follows:

BMNH: The Natural History Museum, London, formerly British Museum (Natural History), Great Britain;
CAS: California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA.
DEI: Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalde, German;
FSAG: Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux, Belgium;
Genova: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale »Giacomo Doria«, Genova, Italy;
Kraków: Instytut Systematyki i Ewolucji Zwierzat, Polska Akademia Nauk, Kraków, Poland;
MHNB: Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Bâle, Bâle (= Basel), Switzerland;
MHNG: Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Genève, Switzerland;
MNHN: Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France;
MRAC: Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium;
Napoli: Istituto e Museo di Zoologia dell’Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy;
NHMW: Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria;
NRS: Naturhistoriska Ricksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden;
OXUM: Oxford University Museum, Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford, Great Britain;
SAM: South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa;
SIF: Senckenbergisches Institut, Frankfurt, Germany;
TMP: Northern Flagship Institution Natural History Museum, formerly Transvaal Museum, Pretoria, South Africa;
Torino: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Italy;
UK: The University of Kansas, Department of Entomology, Snow Entomological Museum, Lawrence, Kansas, USA;
USNM: United States National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.;
ZIN: Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia;
ZMHU: Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany;
ZMK: Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark;

As discussed by Arnold (1945:188), the following species recorded from Madagascar by de Saussure (1892) actually do not occur there: Ammophila laevigata F. Smith, Bembix olivacea Fabricius, Chlorion lobatum (Fabricius), Chlorion splendidum Fabricius (as Chlorion forficula de Saussure), Parapsammophila erythrocephala (Fabricius), Sphex sericeus (Fabricius) (as aurulentus Fabricius), Stizus ruficornis Fabricius, and Bembecinus tridentatus (Fabricius). The occurrence of Chalybion spinolae (Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau), also listed by Saussure, was not confirmed by subsequent authors.

LIST OF GENERA AND SPECIES

ALYSSON

Alysson Panzer, 1806:169. Type species: Pompilus spinosus Panzer, 1801, designated by Morice and Durrant, 1915:406.

Alyson Jurine, 1807:195. Type species: Pompilus spinosus Panzer, 1801, by monotypy.

madecassus Arnold

Alysson madecassus Arnold, 1945:50, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Behara (MNHH). Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:458 (listed).

seyrigi Arnold

Alysson seyrigi Arnold, 1945:49, (as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype: , Madagascar: Perinet (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:458 (listed).

AMMATOMUS

Ammatomus A. Costa, 1859:36. Type species: Gorytes coarctatus Spinola, 1808, by monotypy.

biguttatus Arnold

Ammatomus biguttatus Arnold, 1945:62, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Behara, Bekily, Ivondro (MNHN). Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

fallax Arnold

Ammatomus fallax Arnold, 1945:61, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar).

madecassus (von Schulthess)

Gorytes madecassus von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Diego Suarez). Nomen nudum.

Gorytes madescassus von Schulthess, 1918:99, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Diego Suarez (depository?). - As Ammatomus madescassus: Arnold, 1945:64 (new combination, Madagascar; redescription); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar, Comoro Islands; prey: Flatidae, Cixiidae); Madl, 1997:822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

rubicundus Arnold

Ammatomus rubicundus Arnold, 1945:65, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar).

seyrigi Arnold

Ammatomus seyrigi Arnold, 1945:59, , (as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:513 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).

AMMOPHILA

Ammophila W. Kirby, 1798:199. Type species: Sphex sabulosus Linnaeus, 1758, designated by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1946:571 (Opinion 180).

Ammophylus Latreille, 1802b:332. Lapsus or emendation of Ammophila W. Kirby, 1798.

Miscus Jurine, 1807:130, no included species. Type species: Miscus campestris (Latreille, 1809) [=Ammophila campestris Latreille, 1809], designataed by Shuckard, 1837:79 (one of the two species first included in Miscus by Latreille, 1809:54).

Ammophilus Latreille, 1829:322. Lapsus or emendation of Ammophila W. Kirby, 1798.

Coloptera Latreille, 1845:387. Type species: Coloptera barbara Lepeletier, 1845, by monotypy.

Argyrammophila Gussakovskij, 1928a:7. Type species: Ammophila induta Kohl, 1901, by original designation.

Apycnemia Leclercq, 1961c:211. Type species: Ammophila fallax Kohl, 1884 [= Ammophila hungarica Mocsáry, 1883], by original designation.

beniniensis imerinae de Saussure

Ammophila imerinae de Saussure, 1892:435, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Imerina, Antananarivo, Anosibé (MHNG). Arnold, 1945:87 (as junior synonym of Sphex beninensis, Madagascar). As Ammophila lugubris var. imerinae: Kohl, 1909:371 (new status;Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Europa Island in Mozambique Channel). As Ammophila beninensis imerinae: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:151 (new status, listed).

As Ammophila rubiginosa: de Saussure, 1892:435 (Madagascar), corrected to Sphex beninensis by Arnold, 1945:87; von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Diego Suarez), present correction.

AMMOPLANUS

Ammoplanus Giraud, 1869:469. Type species: Ammoplanus perrisi Giraud, 1869 [? = Ammoplanus wesmaeli Giraud, 1869], designated by Pate, 1937c:7.

Hoplocrabron De Stefani Perez, 1887:60. Type species: Hoplocrabron marathroicus De-Stefani, 1887, by monotypy.

Ammoplanellus Gussakovskij, 1931b:442 (as subgenus of Ammoplanus). Type species: Ammoplanus chorasmius Gussakovskij, 1931, by original designation. Raised to genus status by R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:42, and treated as subgenus by Marshakov (1976a, 1979).

Ceballosia Giner Marí, 1943c:285, junior homonym of Ceballosia Mercet, 1921. Type species: Ammoplanus rjabovi Gussakovskij, 1931, by original designation.

Parammoplanus Pate, 1939:391. Type species: Ammoplanus apache Pate, 1937, by original designation. Treated as subgenus of Ammoplanellus by R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:42.

brevicornis Arnold

Ammoplanus brevicornis Arnold, 1945:146, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198 (listed).

claripennis Arnold

Ammoplanus claripennis Arnold, 1945:147, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key). As Ammoplanellus claripennis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198 (new combination, listed).

egregius Arnold

Ammoplanus egregius Arnold, 1945:148, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198 (listed).

jucundus Arnold

Ammoplanus jucundus Arnold, 1945:145, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:120 (Madagascar).

madecassus Kohl

Ammoplanus madecassus Kohl, 1909:374, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara (ZMHU or SIF) Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Pate, 1937a:104 (placed in subgenus Ammoplanellus); Leclercq, 1959a:26 (in key). As Ammoplanellus madecassus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:198 (new combination, listed).

orientalis Arnold

Ammoplanus madecassus var. orientalis Arnold, 1945:148, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:144 (in key); Leclercq, 1959a:25 (in key). As Ammoplanellus orientalis: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:200 (new combination, new status).

AMPULEX

Ampulex Jurine, 1807:132. Type species: Chlorion compressum of Latreille and of Fabricius [= Chlorion compressum (Fabricius, 1804) = Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781, designated by Audouin, 1822:301.

Pronaeus Latreille, 1809:56. Type species: Dryinus aeneus Fabricius, 1804, designated by Latreille, 1810:438.

Lorrhoeum Shuckard, 1837:18. Type species: Chlorion compressum (Fabricius, 1804) [= Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781], by original designation and monotypy.

Rhinopsis Westwood, 1844:68. Type species: Rhinopsis abbotti Westwood, 1844 [= Ampulex canaliculata Say, 1823, by monotypy.

Waagenia Kriechbaumer, 1874:55. Type species: Waagenia sikkimensis Kriechbaumer, 1874, by monotypy.

Chlorampulex de Saussure, 1892:441. Type species: Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781, designated by Pate, 1937c:18.

compressa (Fabricius)

Sphex compressus Fabricius, 1781:445, sex not indicated (as compressa, incorrect original termination). Holotype or syntypes: India: Kerala: Malabar (BMNH, Banks coll.). Fabricius, 1787:275, 1793:206. As Chlorion compressum: Fabricius, 1804:219 (new combination, redescription); Gistel, 1848:142 (Bourbon Island, description); Lucas, 1879:CLIX (prey: Blatta americana). As Chlorampulex compressa: de Saussure, 1892:443 (in key), 445 (new combination, redescription, Madagascar); Nagy, 1971:103 (s. India, Singapore). As Ampulex compressa: Jurine, 1807:134 (new combination, comparison with Ampulex fasciata); Spinola, 1841:100 (diagnostic characters); Dahlbom, 1843:29 (redescription), 1845:439 (in key); F. Smith, 1856:268 (listed, wing venation variable), 1858a:99 (Moluccas, Borneo); Motschulsky, 1863:24 (Sri Lanka); Taschenberg, 1869:407 (India); Gerstaecker, 1871:852 (Kenya: Mombasa, Tanzania: Wanga); Radoszkowski, 1891:580 (male genitalia); Kohl, 1893d:474, 482 (redescribed in key), 491 (listed, synonymy), 1883e:183 (Zanzibar); Pérez, 1895b:210 (Seychelles Islands, as compressus); Bingham, 1896a:441 (Sri Lanka: Pundaluoya), 1897:254 (redescription; Oriental Region to Africa); Dalla Torre, 1897:373 (listed); Bingham, 1902:217 (Pemba Island), 1903a:67 (Pemba Island); Cameron, 1903c:238 (listed); Rothney, 1903:105 (India: West Bengal: Barrackpore); Ashmead, 1904d:151 (Philippines); Cameron, 1907e:76 (Seychelles Islands); Vachal, 1907:114 and 1908:23 (New Caledonia, as compressus); Kohl, 1909:369 (Kenya: Mombasa; Tanzania: Pemba Island); Turner, 1911b:368 (Seychelles Islands); Bordage, 1912:71 (Réunion Island: life history); Dutt, 1912:227 (preying on Periplaneta americana, dragging paralyzed prey); R. Turner, 1919b:238 (New Caledonia); Arnold, 1928a:221 (revision); Williams, 1942:221 (life history); Giner Marí, 1945c:850 (India: Maharashtra: Bandra); Van Zwaluwenburg, 1950:14 (new to Molokai, Hawaii); Leclercq, 1954b:150 (Mauritius, Zanzibar, Ethiopia: Daghabur), 1961d:101 (Saussure's records from Madagascar are doubtful); van der Vecht, 1961a:11 (study of type); Guiglia, 1964:309 (southern Arabia); Begum and Bose, 1976:26 (Bangladesh: Dakka); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:77 (listed); Leclercq, 1976b:201 (St. Helena Island), 202 (Madagascar); Krombein, 1979a:6 (Sri Lanka, revision); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens in M. Spinola collection); Piek, Visser, and Veenendaal, 1984:195 (hunting and ovipositing, effects of sting on prey behavior); Wu and Chou, 1985:154 (in key); Begum, Bose, and Howlander, 1989:127 life history in Bangladesh); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascan records questionable); Begum, Khan, and Bose, 1995:174 (Bangladesh: Dhaka University Campus); Wu and Zhou, 1996:22 (revision in Economic Insect Fauna of China); Wcislo, 1998:181 (proportions of antennae in relations to parasitic/non-parasitic behavior); Libersat, Haspel, Casagrand, and Fouad, 1999:333 (the sting of prey’s subesophageal ganglion blocks fast motoneurons); Weisel-Eichler, Haspel, and Libersat, 1999:957 (sting induces prolonged grooming in prey).

Ampulex sinensis de Saussure, 1867:43, . Holotype or syntypes: , China: Hong Kong (NHMW). Synonymized with Ampulex compressa by Gerstaecker, 1871:852

Chlorampulex striolata de Saussure, 1892:446, . Holotype or syntypes: , Tanzania: Zanzibar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure, 1892:443 (in key). As Ampulex striolata: Kohl, 1893d:502 (new combination, original description copied); Dalla Torre, 1897:377 (listed); Arnold, 1928a:227 (original description translated into English.

ASTATA

Astata Latreille, 1796:xiii. Emendation of Astatus Latreille, 1796:114.

Astatus Latreille, 1796:114 (no species included). Type species: Tiphia abdominalis Panzer, 1798 [= Sphex boops Schrank, 1781], designated by Latreille, 1802b:337 (first included species). See also International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1943a, Opinion 139.

Dimorpha Panzer, 1806:26. Type species: Tiphia abdominalis Panzer, 1798 [= Sphex boops Schrank, 1781], by monotypy.

blanda de Saussure

Astatus blandus de Saussure, 1892:519, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG). As Astata blanda: Arnold, 1945:43 (in key); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:212 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar: Tsimbazaza; keyed).

minax Arnold

Astata minax Arnold, 1945:43, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:212 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar, keyed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (one syntype in Bulawayo Museum).

ruficaudata hova Arnold

Astata ruficaudata hova Arnold, 1945:46, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:213 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar, keyed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).

rufofemorata Arnold

Astata rufofemorata Arnold, 1945:44, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:213 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (in key), 115 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).

BEMBECINUS

Bembecinus A. Costa, 1859:4. Type species: Bembecinus meridionalis A. Costa, 1859, by monotypy.

Stizomorphus A. Costa, 1959:7. Type species: Vespa tridens Fabricius, 1781, by monotypy.

Gorystizus Minkiewicz, 1934:252. Not available: type species not designated (Article 13b).

Gorystizus Pate, 1937c:29. Type species: Vespa tridens Fabricius, 1781, by original designation. Validation of Gorystizus Minkiewicz, 1934.

Lavia Rayment, 1953:23. Nomen nudum.

assentator (Arnold)

Stizus assentator Arnold, 1945:72, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Bembecinus assentator: Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar, new combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:530 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:118 (Madagascar; male sternum VII dentate).

brooksi R. Bohart

Bembecinus brooksi R. Bohart, 1997a:172, , . Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara: Beza Mahafaly Reserve (UK).

hirtiusculus (Arnold)

Stizus hirtiusculus Arnold, 1945:74, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily (MNHN). As Bembecinus hirtiusculus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:531 (new combination).

mirus (Arnold)

Stizus mirus Arnold, 1945:69, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Amboasary, Behara, Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:40 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum). As Bembecinus mirus: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (Madagascar, new combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:531 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

rectilateralis (Arnold)

Stizus rectilateralis Arnold, 1945:75, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Ranomafana (MNHN). As Bembecinus rectilateralis: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (new combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:532 (listed).

spinicornis (de Saussure)

Stizolarra spinicornis de Saussure, 1887:9, . Holotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN); see de Saussure, 1892:468 for type status. As Stizolarra spinicornis: de Saussure, 1892:467 (Madagascar, redescription). As Stizus spinicornis: Handlirsch, 1892:42 (new combination, original description copied), 1895:972 (redescription); Dalla Torre, 1897:531 (listed). As Bembecinus spinicornis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:532 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar, type in MNHN); R. Bohart, 1997a:177 (discussion of synonymy with varians); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

Stizus varians Arnold, 1945:73, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Synonymized with Bembecinus spinicornis by Leclercq, 1990b:119. As Bembecinus varians: Leclercq, 1961d:103 (Madagascar, new combination); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:532 (listed).

wenzeli R. Bohart

Bembecinus wenzeli R. Bohart, 1997a:176, , . Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara: 38 km N Toliara (KU).

BEMBIX

Variant but improper spellings: Bembex and Bembyx (transfer from Bembex to Bembix does not require parentheses for the author: Article 51.3)

Bembix Fabricius, 1775: Characteres Generum, p. [= xxiii], no included species. Type species: Bembex rostrata of Fabricius, 1781 [= Apis rostrata Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Latreille, 1810:438 (one of three species included in Bembyx by Fabricius, 1775:361). Morice and Durrant (1915:400) gave the first type species designation for the spelling of Bembix: Apis rostrata Linnaeus, 1757.

Bembyx Fabricius, 1775:361. Lapsus for Bembix Fabricius, 1775.

Bembex Fabricius, 1776:122. Emendation of Bembix Fabricius, 1775.

Apobembex Pate, 1937c:9. Type species: Bembex oculata of Latreille, 1805 [= Bembex oculata Panzer, 1801], by original designation.

Epibembex Pate, 1937c:26. Type species: Apis rostrata Linnaeus, 1758, by original designation.

hova de Saussure

Bembex hova de Saussure, 1892:457, , ( = Bembex madecassa). Lectotype: , Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:104. Nec de Saussure, 1892:458 ( only) and Handlirsch, 1893:734 ( only) = Bembix madecassa; Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascar: Andranohinaly). As Bembix hova: Arnold, 1945:81 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:104 (Madagascar; in key); Bohart and Menke, 1976:546 (listed); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

As Bembex madecassa: Handlirsch, 1893:734, (Madagascar), corrected to Bembix hova by Arnold, 1945:81.

latebrosa Kohl

Bembex latebrosa Kohl, 1909:373, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Tulear (ZMHU or SIF). As Bembix latebrosa: Arnold, 1945:83 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:104 (in key), 105 (Madagascar); Bohart and Menke, 1976:547 (listed).

madecassa de Saussure

Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1890: pl. 11, fig. 2, . Holotype: , illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure, 1892:456 (Madagascar, redescription); Handlirsch, 1893c:818 (revision), 1895:1003 (Comoro Islands); Kohl, 1909:373 (Madagascar: Tamatave, Toliara); R. Turner, 1911b:371 (Seychelles Islands). As Bembix madecassa: J. Parker, 1929:139 (revision); Arnold, 1945:79 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar), 1961d:104 (in key), 105 (Madagascar); Bohart and Menke, 1976:547 (listed); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

Bembix militaris de Saussure, 1890: pl. 11, figs. 3, . Holotype: , illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (ZMHU). Synonymized with Bembix madecassa by Arnold, 1945:79.

Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1891:260, . Objective synonym of Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1891. Lectotype: , Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG), unnecessary designation by Leclercq, 1961d:105. de Saussure, 1892:456 (Madagascar, redescription).

Bembex militaris de Saussure, 1891:260, . Objective synonym of Bembex militaris de Saussure, 1890. Lectotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), unnecessary designation by Leclercq, 1961d:105

Bembix militaris de Saussure, 1892:459, . Objective synonym of Bembex madecassa de Saussure, 1890.

Bembex crinita de Saussure, 1891:260, . Lectotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Leclercq, 1961d:105. Synonymized with Bembix madecassa by de Saussure, 1892:456.

As Bembex hova: de Saussure, 1892:458 ( only) and Handlirsch, 1893c:734 (revision, only), corrected to Bembix madecassa by Arnold, 1945:79.

CARINOSTIGMUS

Carinostigmus Tsuneki, 1954a:3. Types species: Stigmus congruus Walker, 1860, by original designation.

Perissostigmus Krombein, 1984c:18, as subgenus of Carinostigmus. Type species: Carinostigmus bucheilus Krombein, by original designation and monotypy.

nubilipennis (Arnold)

Stigmus nubilipennis Arnold, 1945:149, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambositra, Bekily, Ivondro, Ranomafana (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:149 (in key). As Carinostigmus nubilipennis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:191 (listed; new combination).

tenellus (Arnold)

Stigmus tenellus Arnold, 1945:151, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Arnold, 1945:149 (in key). As Carinostigmus tenellus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:191 (listed; new combination).

CERCERIS

Cerceris Latreille, 1802b:367. Type species: Philanthus ornatus Fabricius, 1790 [= Sphex rybyensis Linnaeus, 1771], designated by Latreille, 1810:438.

Nectanebus Spinola, 1839:489. Type species: Nectanebus fischeri Spinola, 1839, secondary homomym of Cerceris fischeri Spinola, 1839 [= Nectanebus histerisnicus Spinola, 1839], designated by Pate, 1937c:42 (said to be by original designation). Synonymized with Cerceris Latreille, 1802, by R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:55.

Diamma Dahlbom, 1844:225. Type species: Diamma spinolae Dahlbom, 1844 [= Cerceris binodis Spinola, 1841], by monotypy. Junior homonym of Diamma Westwood, 1835.

Didesmus Dahlbom, 1845:502 Replacement name for Diamma Dahlbom, 1844.

Apiraptrix Shestakov, 1923:101. Type species: Cerceris rybyensis (Linnaeus, 1771) [= Sphex rybyensis Linnaeus, 1771], by original designation. Apiratryx Balthasar, 1972:387 and 397 (lapsus).

Paracerceris Brèthes, 1913b:127. Type species: Paracerceris tridentifera Brèthes, 1913 [= Cerceris pollens Schletterer, 1887, by monotypy.

Apicerceris Minkiewicz, 1934:253. Not available: type species not designated (Article 13b).

Bucerceris Minkiewicz, 1934:253. Type species: Cerceris bupresticida Dufour, 1841, by monotypy.

Stercobata Gussakovskij, 1935:445. Type species: Cerceris bupresticida Dufour, 1841, by monotypy.

Apicerceris Pate, 1937c:8. Type species: Sphex rybyensis Linnaeus, 1771, by original designation. Validation of Apicerceris Minkiewicz, 1934.

aemula Arnold

Cerceris aemula Arnold, 1945:37, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily, Ivondro (MNHN). Empey, 1969a:300 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:576 (listed); Empey, 1983:163 (type examined, reference to holotype incorrect).

aemuloides Leclercq

Cerceris aemuloides Leclercq, 1962b:209, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Rogez (MRAC). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:579 (listed); Empey, 1983:163 (listed).

argentifrons Guérin-Méneville

Cerceris argentifrons Guérin-Méneville, 1844:445, []. Lectotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (Genova), designated by Guiglia, 1948b:179 (Article 74.6). F. Smith, 1856:450 (listed); Schletterer, 1887:486 (listed); de Saussure, 1892:555 (original description copied); Guiglia, 1948b:179 (type in Genova), 187 (redescription). Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar), 1962b:211 (Madagascar: Bekily); Empey, 1969a:301 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:164 (listed).

Cerceris albotegulata Arnold, 1945:40, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antanimora, Bekily, Behara, Ivondro (MNHN). Synonymized with Cerceris argentifrons by Guiglia, 1948b:187, by Leclercq, 1961d:102, and conditionally by Empey, 1969a:301. R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (as questionable synonym of Cerceris argentifrons); Empey, 1983:164 (reference to holotype is incorrect); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).

beharensis Leclercq

Cerceris beharensis Leclercq, 1967b:63, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:166 (listed).

clypearis de Saussure

Cerceris clypearis de Saussure, 1887:25, . Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN, now probably lost: Empey, 1983:167). – de Saussure, 1892:541 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:22 (Madagascar; redescription); Empey, 1969a:303 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:579 (listed); Empey, 1983:167 (type material missing).

dentiventris Arnold

Cerceris dentiventris Arnold, 1945:35, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Ivondro (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:579 (listed); Empey, 1983:167 (listed, holotype examined); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island, as dentriventris), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae, as dentriventris).

duchesnei Arnold

Cerceris duchesnei Arnold, 1945:31, , (as Duchesnei, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Ambovimbi, Antananarivo, Bekily (MNHN). – Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar); Empey, 1969a:305 (listed, as duchnesei); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:580 (listed); Empey, 1983:169 (listed, holotype examined).

formidolosa de Saussure

Cerceris formidolosa de Saussure, 1891:261, . Lectotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:171 (Article 74.6). de Saussure, 1892:547 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:41 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:211 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey, 1969a:308 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581 (listed); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

gallienii Arnold

Cerceris gallienii Arnold, 1945:32, , (as Gallienii, incorrect original capitalization). Lectotype: , Madagascar: Fort Dauphin (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:172 (Article 74.6). Leclercq, 1962b:211 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey, 1969a:308 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581 (listed, as gallieni); Empey, 1983:172 (listed); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntypes in Bulawayo Museum).

Cerceris augagneuri Arnold, 1945:34, , (as Augagneuri, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Antsirabé (MNHN). Synonymized with Cerceris gallienii by Leclercq, 1962b:211. Empey, 1969a:302 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:577 (listed); Empey, 1983:165 (listed, type examined).

ssp. bekiliensis Arnold

Cerceris Gallienii var. bekiliensis Arnold, 1945:34, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:173 (Article 74.6). As Cerceris gallieni bekilensis: Empey, 1969a:308 (new status, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:581 (listed); Empey, 1983:172 (listed).

hildebrandti de Saussure

Cerceris hildebrandti de Saussure, 1891:261, (as Hildebrandti, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or syntypes: Madagascar: , no specific locality (missing: Empey, 1983:173). Empey, 1969a:301 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:582 (listed).

lateridentata Arnold

Cerceris lateridentata Arnold, 1945:26, , . Lectotype: , Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:177 (Article 74.6). Empey, 1969a:312 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:583 (listed).

nenicra de Saussure

Cerceris nenicra de Saussure, 1887:25, , . Lectotype: , Madagascar: Nosibe (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:180. R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:584 (listed). As Cerceris nenitra (a misspelling): de Saussure, 1892:551 (Madagascar, redescription); R. Turner, 1911b:370 (Seychelles Islands); Arnold, 1945:42 (Madagascar; redescription); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles, as renitra); Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar), 1962b:212 (Madagascar); Empey, 1969a:316 (listed).

Cerceris perfoveata Arnold, 1947:167, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). Synonymized with Cerceris nenicra by Empey, 1983:180. Empey, 1969a:318 (listed, possibly dark form of Cerceris nenit ra); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed).

paleata de Saussure

Cerceris paleata de Saussure, 1891:262, . Lectotype: , Madagascar: Andreagoloka (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:182 (Article 74.6). de Saussure, 1892:543 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:24 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:212 (Madagascar: Mandraka); Empey, 1969a:318 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed).

Cerceris carnaria de Saussure, 1892:545, . Lectotype: , Madagascar: Antananarivo and Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG). Synonymized with Cerceris paleata by Arnold, 1945:24.

perfida de Saussure

Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1890:pl. 19 fig. 10, . Holotype: , illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). de Saussure, 1892:549 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:23 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1962b:212 (Madagascar: Rogez); Empey, 1969a:318 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed); Empey, 1983:183 (listed, type examined); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:38 (specimen in Bulawayo Museum).

Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1891:262, . Objective synonym of Cerceris perfida de Saussure, 1890.

Cerceris spinifrons de Saussure, 1891:262, . Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG, type missing: Empey, 1983:183). Synonymized with Cerceris perfida by Arnold, 1945:23.

petiolata de Saussure

Cerceris petiolata de Saussure, 1891:261, . Lectotype: , Madagascar: Andreagoloka (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:183. Arnold, 1945:38 (Madagascar; redescription); Empey, 1969a:318 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:585 (listed); Empey, 1983:183 (listed).

Cerceris petiolata de Saussure, 1892:555, . Objective synonym of Cerceris petiolata de Saussure, 1891.

rasoherinae Arnold

Cerceris rasoherinae Arnold, 1945:29, , (as Rasoherinae, incorrect original capitalization). Lectotype: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:184 (Article 74.6). Empey, 1969a:320 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:586 (listed).

Cerceris rasoherinae var. debilis Arnold, 1945:30, , . Lectotype: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:185 (Article 74.6). Synonymized with Cerceris rasoherinae by Empey, 1983:202. As Cerceris rasoherinae debilis: Empey, 1969a:320 (new status); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:586 (listed).

seyrigi Arnold

Cerceris seyrigi Arnold, 1945:27, , nec (as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Lectotype: , Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN), designated by Empey, 1983:188 (Article 74.6). Empey, 1969a:322 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:587 (listed); Empey, 1983:188 (the described by Arnold is an undescribed species).

spirans de Saussure

Cerceris spirans de Saussure, 1892:553, , . Lectotype: , Madagascar: Bezanozano Province: Anosibé (MHNG), designated by Empey, 1983:189. Arnold, 1945:19 (citation); Empey, 1969a:323 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:587 (listed).

xanthostigma Arnold

Cerceris xanthostigma Arnold, 1945:39, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Rogez in East Coast Forest (MNHN). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:589 (listed); Empey, 1983:193 (listed, type examined).

CHALYBION

Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843:21. Type species: "Chalybion caeruleum" [= Sphex caeruleus of Linnaeus, 1767:941 = Sphex caeruleus Linnaeus, 1763 (nec Sphex caeruleus Linnaeus, 1758) = Sphex cyaneus Fabricius, 1775 (nec Sphex cyaneus Linnaeus, 1758) = Pelopeus (sic) californicus de Saussure, 1867], designated by Patton, 1880a:378.

Chalybium Agassiz, 1846:77. Emendation of Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843.

Chalybium W. Schulz, 1906:192. Emendation of Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843, homonym of Chalybium Agassiz, 1846.

Hemichalybion Kohl, 1918:79. Type species: Pelopoeus eckloni Dahlbom, 1845, designated by Pate, 1937c:30.

bonneti Leclercq

Chalybion bonneti Leclercq, 1966:55, , . Holotype: , Madagascar: Tamatave (FSAG). R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:102 (listed); Hensen, 1988:25 (revision).

madecassum (Gribodo)

Pelopoeus madecassus Gribodo, 1883a:263, , . Lectotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (Genova), designated by Hensen, 1988:27. As Sceliphron madecassum: Kohl, 1906a:193, 196 (in key), 1909:370 (Comoro Islands); Turner, 1911b:368 (Seychelles Islands); Kohl, 1918:65 (revision); Arnold, 1945:86 (Madagascar). As Chalybion madecassum: Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar); Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1956b:362 (Seychelles); Leclercq, 1961d:106 (Madagascar), 1966:56 (comparison with Chalybion bonnenti; Hensen, 1988:27 (revision); Madl, Matyot, and Schödl, 1996:831 (Seychelles Islands); Madl, 1997:819 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

As Sceliphron violaceum: de Saussure, 1892:449 (Madagascar), corrected to Sceliphron madecassum by Kohl, 1906a:193; Friederichs, 1918:33, 42 (life history) and von Schulthess in Friederichs, 1918:48 (Madagascar: Antananarivo, Diego Suarez), corrected to Chalybion madecassum by Hensen, 1988:27; Vesey-Fitzgerald, 1950:75 (new to Seychelles Islands), corrected to Chalybion madecassum by Hensen, 1988:27.

Sceliphron purpurascens Pérez, 1895:211, , . Lectotype: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN), designated by Hensen, 1988:27. Synonymized with Sceliphron madecassum by Kohl, 1906a:193.

As Sceliphron bengalense: Cameron, 1907:76 (Seychelles Islands), corrected to Sceliphron madecassum by R. Turner, 1911b:369.

CHLORION

Chlorion Latreille, 1802b:333. Type species: Sphex lobatus Fabricius, 1775, by monotypy.

Chlorium W. Schulz, 1906:193. Emendation of Chlorion Latreille, 1802.

maxillosum ciliatum (Fabricius)

Sphex ciliatus Fabricius, 1787:275, sex not indicated (as ciliata, incorrect original termination). Holotype: , India (in error): no specific locality (ZMK). Dalla Torre, 1897:418 (listed). As Pronoeus ciliatum: Dahlbom, 1845:XXII (new combination, listed). As Chlorion ciliatum: Fabricius, 1804:218 (new combination, redescription); van der Vecht, 1961a:35 (redescription of holotype); Leclercq, l969:1047 (Congo Brazzaville). As Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:90 (listed); Dollfuss, 1990:122 (Central African Republic).

Sphex xanthoceros Illiger, 1801:193,: Sierra Leone. Synonymized with Chlorion ciliatum by van der Vecht, 1961a:36. Strand, 1916b:102 (Angola: Benguela; original description copied and discussed). As Sphex xanthocerus: Kohl, 1890:183 (revision), 1883e:183 (Tanzania: Bagamoyo); Bingham, 1902:215 (Malawi); Brauns, 1911a:118 (South Africa: Orange Free State); Morice, 1911:74 (Algeria: Bône); Bischoff, 1912:221 (Zaire: Kivu: N shore of Lake Kivu); Mantero, 1915:324 (Libya); Gennerich, 1922:41 (morphology); Berland, 1925c:154 (Angola), 1926b:164 (miscellaneous locality records); Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire); Valdeyron-Fabre, 1952:107 (prey: Brachytrypes megacephalus Lepeletier), 1955:152 (preying behavior); Berland, 1956:1162 (in revision of African Sphecini). As Chlorion xanthocerum: Arnold, 1928c:347 (revision), 1943:77 (Zaire). As Chlorion xanthoceros: Leclercq, 1955h:40 (bibliographic references, variation), 43 (locality records), 1955i:405 (Rwanda), 1961b:47 (Zaire, as xanthoceros xanthoceros).

Chlorion mandibulare Fabricius, 1804:218, . Syntypes: Guinea: no specific locality (ZMK). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. de Saussure, 1867:37 (review of variation). As Pronaeus mandibularis: F. Smith, 1856:239 (listed); Magretti, 1884b:578 (Sudan: Bahr el Salaam); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). As Sphex mandibularis: Kohl, 1885b:175 (in revision of Palearctic Sphex); Ed. André, 1888:122 (in revision of Sphecidae of Europe and Algeria), 6* (bibliographic references). As Chlorion ciliatum mandibulare: van der Vecht, 1961a:37 (new status, redescription of syntypes).

Pepsis maxillaris Palisot de Beauvois, 1805:plate 1. As Pronaeus maxillaris: Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845:331 (revision); F. Smith, 1856:239 (listed); Radoszkowski, 1881:211 (Angola); Magretti, 1884b:579 (Sudan: Bahr el Salaam); Bradley, 1957:43 (Lepeletier's specimens in Turin); Casolari and Casolari Moreno, 1980:110 (specimens in M. Spinola collection). As Sphex maxillaris: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire). As Sphex xanthocerus var. maxillaris: Kohl, 1883e:183 (Mozambique); W. Fox, 1896e:551 (Ethiopia: the Haud tribal area); Bischoff, 1912:221 (border of Zaire and Uganda); Berland, 1952b:275 (boundary of Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Liberia: Mt. Nimba), 1956:1163 (in revision of African Sphecini). As Chlorion maxillaris: Gribodo, 1894:137 (Mozambique: Magnarra River). As Chlorion xanthocerum var. maxillaris: Arnold, 1928c:348 (revision); Scott in Arnold, 1933a:370 (Ethiopia: Harar District and Buno, as maxillare); Guiglia, 1940b:287 (Somalia). As Chlorion xanthocerus maxillaris: Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire); de Beaumont, 1962b:32 (redescription). As Chlorion xanthoceros maxillare: Leclercq, 1955h:43 (locality records), 1961b:48 (Zaire).

Chlorion varipenne Reiche and Fairmaire, 1850:451, sex not indicated. Holotype or syntypes: Ethiopia: no specific locality (MNHN?). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. F. Smith, 1856:246 (listed).

Pronaeus instabilis F. Smith, 1856:240, , . Syntypes: Guinea, Congo: no specific locality (BMNH). Synonymized with Chlorion ciliatum by van der Vecht, 1961a:36. Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. Magretti, 1884b:580 (Sudan: Bahr el Salaam). As Sphex xanthocerus var. instabilis: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire); Berland, 1956:1164 (in revision of African Sphecini). As Chlorion xanthocerum var. instablis: Arnold, 1928c:349 (original description copied). As Chlorion xanthoceros instabile: Leclercq, 1955h:44 (locality records), 1961b:48 (Zaire).

Pronaeus affinis F. Smith, 1856:240, , . Syntypes: South Africa: Natal: Port Natal (BMNH). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183.

Chlorion fulvipes Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:510, . Holotype or syntypes: , Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. Taschenberg, 1880:776 (description of ).

Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker in Peters, 1858:511, . Holotype or syntypes: , Mozambique: no specific locality (ZMHU). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. As Sphex xanthoceros var. subcyaneus: Strand, 1916b:102 (Tanzania: Bagamoyo, as subcyanbeum); Berland, 1952b:275 (boundary of Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Liberia: Mt. Nimba), 1956:1164 (in revision of African Sphecini). As Chlorion xanthocerum var. subcyaneum: Arnold, 1928c:348 (revision). As Chlorion xanthoocerum subcyaneum: Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire). As Sphex subcyaneus: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire).

Chlorion fulvipes Gerstaecker, 1862:482, . Objective synonym of Chlorion fulvipes Gerstaecker, 1858.

Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker, 1862:482. Objective synonym of Chlorion subcyaneum Gerstaecker, 1858.

Chlorion zonatum de Saussure, 1867:36, . Holotype or syntypes: , Guinea: no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183 (or an earlier author?). As Chlorion xanthocerum var. zonatum: Arnold, 1928c:349 (revision). As Sphex zonatus: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire). As Sphex xanthocerus var. zonatus: Berland, 1956:1165 (in revision of African Sphecini).

Sphex mandibularis var. unicolor de Saussure, 1867:37, sex not indicated. Holotype or syntypes: Mozambique (NHMW). Synonymized with Sphex xanthocerus by Kohl, 1890:183. – As Chlorion xanthocerum var. unicolor: Arnold, 1928c:348 (revision). As Chlorion xanthocerum unicolor: Arnold, 1943:78 (Zaire). As Sphex unicolor: Schouteden, 1930:95 (Zaire). As Chlorion xanthoceros unicolor: Leclercq, 1955h:42 (locality records).

? Sphex cyanescens Radoszkowski, 1881:209, . Holotype or syntypes: , Angola: Humbe (Kraków). As questionabale synonym of Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:90 (listed).

Chlorion columbianum Gribodo, 1883a:262, . Lectotype: , Colombia: Caracas (Genova), designated by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:90. Synonymized with Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:90.

Sphex massaicus Cameron, 1908a:262, , . Syntypes: Kenya: Mount Meru: Ngare na nyuki (NRS). Synonymized with Chlorion xanthocerum by R. Turner, 1913:746 and with Sphex xantocerum by Berland, 1926b:164.

Sphex levilabris Cameron, 1910:137, . Holotype or syntypes: , South Africa: Transvaal: Kranspoort (TMP). Synonymized with Chlorion xanthocerum var. maxillaris by Arnold, 1928c:348.

Sphex xanthoceros var. kigonseranus Strand, 1916:102, , (as kigonserana,, incorrect original termination). Syntypes: German East Africa: Kigonsera (DEI). Synonymized with Chlorion maxillosum ciliatum by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:90. - Berland, 1956:1163 (in revision of African Sphecini, as kingiserana);. - As Chlorion xanthoceros kigonseranum:: Leclercq, 1953b:211 (first record from Madagascar), Leclercq, 1955h:42 (locality records), 1961b:49 (Rwanda).

CROSSOCERUS

(Pericrabro is excluded)

Crossocerus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:763. Type species: Crabro scutatus Fabricius, 1787 [= Sphex palmipes Linnaeus, 1767], designated by Westwood, 1839:80.

Blepharipus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:728. Type species: Blepharipus nigritus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835, designated by Ashmead, 1899d:215. Westwood's (1939:80) designataion of Crabro dimidiatus Fabricius, 1781, as type species of Blepharipus is invalid since this species was only questionably included in the taxon by Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé (1835:731).

Cuphopterus A. Morawitz, 1866:252. Type species: Crabro subulatus Dahlbom, 1845, by monotypy, = Blepharipus of authors accepting Westwood's type species designation.

Coelocrabro Thomson, 1874:262. Type species: Crabro pubescens Shuckard, 1837 [= Blepharipus nigritus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835], designated by Richards, 1935a:166.

Hoplocrabro Thomson, 1874:262. Type species: Crabro quadrimaculatus Fabricius, , 1793, by monotypy.

Microcrabro de Saussure, 1892:574. Type species: Crabro micromegas de Saussure, 1892, by monotypy.

Dolichocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:216. Type species: Dolichocrabro wickhami Ashmead, 1899, by original designation.

Epicrossocerus Ashmead, 1899d:215. Type species: Crabro insolens W. Fox, 1895, by original designation.

Stenocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:216. Type species: Crabro planipes W. Fox, 1895, by original designation.

Synorhopalum Ashmead, 1899d:218. Type species: Crabro decorus W. Fox, 1895, by original designation.

Ischnolynthus Holmberg, 1903:472. Type species: Ischnolynthus foveolatus Holmberg, 1903 [= Crabro elongatulus Vander Linden, 1892], by monotypy.

Ablepharipus Perkins, 1913b:390. Type species: Ablepharipus podagricus (Vander Linden, 1829) [= Crabro podagricus Vander Linden, 1829, by monotypy.

Acanthocrabro Perkins, 1913b:391. Type species: Acanthocrabro vagabundus (Panzer, 1798) [= Crabro vagabundus Panzer , 1798], by monotypy, = Blepharipus of Leclercq, 1954.

Apocrabro Pate, 1944a:282. Type species: Crossocerus aeta Pate, 1944, by original designation.

Nothocrabro Pate, 1944a:314. Type species: Crabro nitidiventris W. Fox, 1895, by original designation.

Stictoptila Pate, 1944a:315. Type species: Crabro confertus W. Fox, 1895 [= Crabro maculipennis F. Smith, 1856], by original designation.

Yuchiba Pate, 1944a:272. Type species: Crossocerus xanthochilos Pate, 1944, by original designation.

Ainocrabro Tsuneki, 1954b:74. Type species: Crossocerus aino (Tsuneki, 1947) [= Crabro aino Tsuneki, 19947], by original designation.

Oxycrabro Leclercq, 1961h:74. Type species: Crabro acanthophorus Kohl, 1892, by original designation.

Paroxycrabro Leclercq, 1963:2. Type species: Crossocerus sotirus Leclercq, 1963, by original designation and monotypy.

Alicrabro Tsuneki, 1968g:7. Type species: Crossocerus rufiventris Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and monotypy.

Apoides Tsuneki, 1968g: 5. Type species: Crossocerus alticola Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and monotypy.

Neoblepharipus Leclercq, 1968c:98. Type species: Crossocerus potosusLeclercq, 1968, by original designation.

Towada Tsuneki, 1970f:1. Type species: Crossocerus leclercqi Tsuneki, 1959 [= Crabro flavitarsus Tsuneki, 1947], by original designation and monotypy.

Bnunius Tsuneki, 1971a:15. Type species: Crossocerus domicola Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation.

Fentis Tsuneki, 1971a:13. Type species: Crossocerus quinquedentatus Tsuneki, 1971, by original designation and monotypy.

Ornicrabro Leclercq, 1973c:291. Type species: Crossocerus flavissimus Leclercq, 1973, by original designation and monotypy.

Corenocrabro Tsuneki, 1974a:374. Type species: Corenocrabro ectemiformis Tsuneki, 1974, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Crossocerus by Marshakov, 1979a:96 and by Nemkov in Nemkov, Kazenas, Budrys, and Antropov, 1995:428 (as new synonym).

Thao Tsuneki, 1982e:33, as subgenus of Crossocerus. Type species: Crossocerus nitidicorpus Tsuneki, 1968, by original designation and monotypy.

Orthocrabro Tsuneki, 1990a:87, as subgenus of Crossocerus. Type species: Crossocerus hirashimai Tsuneki, 1966, by original designation and monotypy.

Yambal Tsuneki, 1990a:90, as subgenus of Crossocerus. Type species: Crossocerus minor Tsuneki, 1990, by original designation and monotypy.

Corenocrabro Tsuneki, 1991:202, junior homonym of Corenocrabro Tsuneki, 1974. Not available: nomen nudum and type not designated (Article 13b).

brunniventris bekiliensis (Arnold)

Crabro brunniventris race bekiliensis Arnold, 1945:180, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1954c:221 (listed), 304 (nest and prey records); 1958a:14, footnote (diagnostic characters), 17 (Madagascar: Bekily, Ivondro). As Crossocerus brunniventris bekiliensis: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:400 (new status, listed).

hirtitibia (Arnold)

Crabro hirtitibia Arnold, 1945:179, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Crossocerus hirtitibia: Leclercq, 1954c:236 (new combination, listed), 1958a:13 (in key), 25 (Madagascar: Bekily); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:401 (listed); Rodgers and Homewood, 1982:233 (Tanzania: Usambara Mountains).

micromegas (de Saussure)

Crabro micromegas de Saussure, 1892:575, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Anatananarivo (MHNG). – Dalla Torre, 1897:610 (in catalog of world Sphecidae). As Microcrabro micromegas: Arnold, 1945:185 (Madagascar). As Crossocerus micromegas: Leclercq, 1954c:221 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:402 (listed).

DASYPROCTUS

Dasyproctus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835:801. Type species: Dasyproctus bipunctatus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835, by monotypy.

Megapodium Dahlbom, 1844:295. Type species: Megapodium westermanni Dahlbom, 1844, , designated by Pate, 1937c:37.

Megalopodium W. Schulz, 1906:202. Emendation of Megapodium Dahlbom, 1844.

Bishamon Tsuneki, 1983h:17, as subgenus of Dasyproctus. Type species: Dasyproctus guadalensis Tsuneki, 1983, by original designation and monotypy.

crudelis (de Saussure)

Crabro crudelis de Saussure, 1892:579, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo area (MHNG). Arnold, 1945:170 (Madagascar; revision). As Dasyproctus crudelis: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:50 (in key), 75 (listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:420 (listed); Leclercq, 1990a:233, 234, and 242 (in key), 250 (bibliographic references, shape of frontal carina), 1991d:19 (summary of collecting localities).

ferox (de Saussure)

Crabro ferox de Saussure, 1892:580, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Antananarivo area, Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG). Arnold, 1945:171 (Madagascar; revision). As Dasyproctus ferox: Leclercq, 1954c:258 (new combination, listed), 1958a:39 (in key), 63 (additional description), 1961b:87 (additional Madagascan records), 1961d:117 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:420 (listed); Leclercq, 1990a:225 and 237 (in key), 250 (bibliographic references), 1991d:19 (summary of collecting localities); Madl, 1997:821 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 822 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

Crabro immanis de Saussure, 1892:581, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG). Synonymized with Crabro ferox by Arnold, 1945:171. Dalla Torre, 1897:604 (in catalog of world Sphecidae).

lambertoni Leclercq

Dasyproctus lambertoni Leclercq, 1958a:63, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Fanovana District: Madag (USNM). Leclercq, 1958a:38 (in key), 63, 1961d:117 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed); Leclercq, 1990a:224 and 236 (in key, ), 252 (bibliographic reference; Madagascar: Angavoleky), 1991d:24 (summary of collecting localities).

saevus (de Saussure)

Crabro saevus de Saussure, 1892:579, . Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: Antananarivo area (MHNG). Dalla Torre, 1897:624 (in catalog of world Sphecidae); Arnold, 1945:172 (Madagascar; redescription). As Dasyproctus saevus: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:54 (in key), 86 (diagnostic characters); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed); Leclercq, 1990a:233, 234, 238, and 239 (in key), 252 (bibliographic references), 1991d:28 (relation to medicus, summary of collecting localities).

Thyreopus stevensoni Arnold, 1926:369, , (as Stevensoni, incorrect original capitalization), primary homonym of Thyreopus stevensoni Arnold, 1926:344. Syntypes: Zimbabwe: Bulawayo (SAM). Synonymized with Dasyproctus saevus by Leclercq, 1990a:253. As Crabro stevensoni: Arnold, 1940:135 (new combination, preoccupied). As Dasyproctus stevensoni: Schouteden, 1930:94 (new combination, Zaire); Leclercq, 1954c:260 (listed), 1958a:51 (in key), 88 (diagnostic characters), 1961b:82 (Zaire: Garamba National Park); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed).

Crabro stevensonianus Arnold, 1940:135 (as Stevensonianus, incorrect original capitalization). Replacement name for Thyreopus stevensoni Arnold, 1926:369. As Dasyproctus stevensonianus: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (as synonym of Dasyproctus stevensoni); Dollfuss, 1990a:122 (Central African Republic, as stephensonianus).

Crabro stevensonianus occidentalis Arnold, 1951:164, . Holotype: , Ghana: Aburi (BMNH). Synonymized with Dasyproctus stevensoni by Leclercq, 1954c:259.

saussurei (Kohl)

Crabro saussurei Kohl, 1894:282, (as Saussurei, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (NHMW). Dalla Torre, 1897:624 (in catalog of world Sphecidae); W. Schulz, 1911:185 (as new synonym of Crabro crudelis); Arnold, 1945:174 (synonymy with Crabro crudelis invalid). As Dasyproctus saussurei: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed), 1958a:50 (in key), 75 (listed; female head longer than in other Dasyproctus), 1961b:87 (Madagascar: Mailaka); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:421 (listed); Dollfuss, 1989:9 (holotype in NHMW); Leclercq, 1990a:234 and 242 (in key), 254 (bibliographic references), 1991d:31 (relations to crudelis, summary of collecting localities).

Crabro infrarugosus Arnold, 1945:173, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Rogez (MNHN). Synonymized with Dasyproctus saussurei by Leclercq, 1958a:75. As Dasyproctus infrarugosus: Leclercq, 1954c:261 (new combination, listed).

DAYCATINCA

Daycatinca Argaman, 1985:7. Type species: Heterogyna fantsilotra Day, 1984, by original designation.

Daya Antropov and Gorbatovskiy, 1992:58 (as subgenus of Heterogyna). Type species: Heterogyna madecassa Day, 1984, by original designation.

Key: Argaman, 1985:10

fantsilotra (Day)

Heterogyna fantsilotra Day, 1984:306, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara: Bereboka (BMNH). As Daycatinca fantsilotra: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination), 10 (in key).

madecassa (Day)

Heterogyna madecassa Day, 1984:305, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Toliara: Bereboka (BMNH). As Daycatinca madecassa: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination), 10, 11 (in key)..

ravenala (Day)

Heterogyna ravenala Day, 1984:306, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Tamatave: Périnet, now Andasibé (BMNH). As Daycatinca ravenala: Argaman, 1985:8 (new combination), 10, 11 (in key).

DOLICHURUS

Dolichurus Latreille, 1809:387. Type species: Pompilus corniculus Spinola, 1808, designated by Latreille, 1810:438.

Thyreosphex Ashmead, 1904:282. Type species: Thyreosphex stantoni Ashmead, 1904, by monotypy.

secundus de Saussure

Dolichurus secundus de Saussure, 1892:450, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Antananarivo (MHNG). Kohl, 1893d:510 (revision); Dalla Torre, 1897:371 (listed); Arnold, 1945:83 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1961d:101 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:69 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:114 (Madagascar), Madl, 1997:819 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island) 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

Dolichurus tertius de Saussure, 1892:452, . Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province (MHNG). Synonymized with Dolichurus secundus by Arnold, 1945:83. Kohl, 1893d:512 (revision); Dalla Torre, 1897:371 (listed).

ECTEMNIUS

Ectemnius Dahlbom, 1845:389. Type species: "E. guttatus, Dahlb." [= Crabro guttatus of Dahlbom, 1845 = Crabro guttatus Vander Linden, 1829], designated by Ashmead, 1899d:172.

Clytochrysus A. Morawitz, 1864:453. Type species: Crabro chrysostomus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835 [= Crabro lapidarius Panzer, 1804], designated by Richards, 1935a:168.

Thyreocerus A. Costa, 1871:65. Type species: Crabro crassicornis Spinola, 1808, by monotypy.

Mesocrabro C. Verhoeff, 1892:70. Type species: Crabro guttatus Vander Linden, 1829, designated by Pate, 1937c:38.

Hypocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:168. Type species: Crabro decemmaculatus Say, 1823, by original designation.

Nesocrabro R. Perkins, 1899:25. Type species: Crabro rubrocaudatus Blackburn, 1887, designated by Pate, 1937c:42.

Pseudocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro chrysarginus of Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845 [= Crabro chrysargyrus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau and Brullé, 1835 = Crabro decemmaculatus Say, 1823], by original designation.

Xestocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro sexmaculatus Say, 1823 [= Crabro continuus Fabricius, 1804], by original designation.

Xylocrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro stirpicola Packard, 1866, by original designation.

Metacrabro Ashmead, 1899d:169. Type species: Crabro kollari Dahlbom, 1845 [= Crabro lituratus Panzer, 1804, by original designation.

Protothyreopus Ashmead, 1899d:170. Type species: Crabro rufifemur Packard, 1866, by original designation.

Oreocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:146. Type species: Crabro abnormis Blackkburn, 1886, by original designation.

Hylocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:147. Type species: Crabro tumidoventris R. Perkins, 1899, by original designation.

Melanocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:147. Type species: Crabro curtipes R. Perkins, 1899, by original designation.

Xenocrabro R. Perkins, 1902:148. Type species: Crabro unicolor F. Smith, 1856, by original designation.

Lophocrabro Rohwer, 1916b:667. Type species: Crabro singularis F. Smith, 1856 [= Vespa maculosa Gmelin, 1790], by original designation.

Merospis Pate, 1941c:121. Type species: Ectemnius cyanauges Pate, 1941, by original designation and monotypy.

Cameronitus Leclercq, 1950b:14. Type species: Ectemnius menyllus (Cameron,1905) [= Crabro menyllus Cameron, 1905, by original designation and monotypy.

Protectemnius Leclercq, 1951j:105. Type species: Crabro tabanicida Fischer, 1929, by original designation and monotypy.

Yanonius Tsuneki, 1956e:129. Type species: Crabro martjanowi F. Morawitz, 1892, by original designation and monotypy.

Policrabro Leclercq, 1958c:106. Type species: Crossocerus krusemani Leclercq, 1950, by original designation.

Iwataia Tsuneki, 1959e:8. Type species: Crabro furuichii Iwata, 1934, by original designation and monotypy.

Leocrabro Leclercq, 1968e:300. Type species: Ectemnius leonesus Leclercq, 1968, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Protectemnius Leclercq, 1951:105 by Leclercq, 1991b:26.

Ceratocrabro Tsuneki, 1970f:1. Type species: Ectemnius shimoyamai Tsuneki, 1958, by original designation and monotypy.

Papuacrabro Tsuneki, 1983h:22, as subgenus of Ectemnius. Type species: Ectemnius papuanus Tsuneki, 1983, by original designation and monotypy.

Metactemnius Tsuneki, 1984b:34, as subgenus of Ectemnius. Type species: Ectemnius apo Tsuneki, 1984, by original designation and monotypy.

Spadicocrabro Tsuneki, 1990b:100. Type species: Crabro nitobei Matsumura, 1912, by original designation and monotypy. Established as genus, treated as a subgenus of Ectemnius by Leclercq, 1999:9.

praeclarus (Arnold)

Crabro praeclarus Arnold, 1945:181, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). As Ectemnius praeclarus: Leclercq, 1954c:269 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:427 (listed); Leclercq, 1999:12 (in key to subgenera and species groups of Ectemnius).

Dasyproctus sakalavus Leclercq, 1967b:68, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Aninoravo (MNHN). Synonymized with Ectemnius praeclarus by Leclercq, 1989c:51. R. Bohart Menke, 1976:421 (listed).

seyrigi (Arnold)

Crabro seyrigi Arnold, 1945:183, , (as Seyrigi, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro (MNHN). Arnold, 1958:137 (belongs to subgenus Metacrabro in Leclercq's system). As Ectemnius seyrigi: Leclercq, 1954c:269 (new combination, listed), 1961d:118 (belongs to subgenus Iwataia; Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:428 (listed); Leclercq, 1989c:52 (variation).

slateri nigrescens (Arnold)

Crabro slateri nigrescens Arnold, 1945:183, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Ectemnius slateri nigrescens: R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:428 (listed).

ENTOMOGNATHUS

Entomognathus Dahlbom, 1844:295. Type species: Crabro revis Vander Linden, 1829, by monotypy.

Koxinga Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Entomognathus siraiyae Pate, 1944, by original designation and monotypy.

Mashona Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Thyreopus apiformis Arnold, 1926, by original designation and monotypy.

Toncahua Pate, 1944b:341. Type species: Entomognathus texanus Cresson, 1887, by original designation and monotypy.

Florkinus Leclercq, 1956b:2. Type species: Florkinus evolutionis Leclercq, 1956, by original designation and monotypy.

Bihargnathus Leclercq, 1977a:452, as subgenus of Entomognathus. Type species: Encopognathus itinerus Leclercq, 1977, by original designation.

arnoldi Bohart and Menke

Crabro tridens Arnold, 1945:165, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). Primary homonym of Crabro tridens Fabricius, 1798, a junior synonym of Oxybelus uniglumis (Linnaeus, 1758). As Entomognathus tridens: Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed), 1961b:72 (Madagascar; description of ), 1997b:115 (in key), 120 (bibliographic references, faunal records, tentatively assigned to subgenusMashona).

Entomognathus arnoldi Bohart and Menke, 1976:382. Replacement name for Crabro tridens Arnold.

diversicornis (Arnold)

Crabro diversicornis Arnold, 1945:168, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Entomognathus diversicornis: Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed); Leclercq, 1997b:118 (in key), 121 (bibliographic references, correction to original description).

faunus (Arnold)

Crabro faunus Arnold, 1945:166, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Entomognathus faunus: Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed), 1997b:115 (in key).

midas (Arnold)

Crabro midas Arnold, 1945:161, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara (MNHN). As Entomognathus midas: Leclercq, 1954c:203 (new combination, new combination, listed); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed; as midus); Leclercq, 1997b:116 (in key); Leclercq, 1997b:116 (in key), 124 (bibliographic references).

mimicus (Arnold)

Crabro mimicus Arnold, 1945:163, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Bekily (MNHN). As Entomognathus mimicus: Leclercq, 1954c:203 (new combination, listed), 303 (nest and prey records); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed); Leclercq, 1997b:116 (in key), 124 (bibliographic references).

ruficaudatus (Arnold)

Crabro ruficaudatus Arnold, 1945:164, . Syntypes: Madagascar: Ivondro, Rogez (MNHN). As Entomognathus ruficaudatus: Leclercq, 1954c:202 (new combination, listed), 1961b:71 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:382 (listed); Leclercq, 1997b:115, 119 (in key), 128 (bibliographic references, tentatively assigned to subgenus Mashona).

GASTROSERICUS

Gastrosericus Spinola, 1839:480. Type species: Gastrosericus waltlii Spinola, 1839, by monotypy. As Gasterosericus (unjustified emendation or misspelling): Dahlbom, 1845:467; Brauns, 1906:49, 51, 52.

Eparmatostethus Kohl, 1907:167. Type species: Eparmatostethus madecassus Kohl, 1907, by monotypy. Synonymized with Gastrosericus by Arnold, 1927:116. As Eparmostethus (misspelling): Pate, 1937:26, Bohart and Menke, 1976:43.

Paralellopsis Maidl, 1914b:147. Type species: Paralellopsis africana Maidl, 1914 [= Gastrosericus neavei Turner, 1913], by original designation and monotypy. Synonymized with Gastrosericus by Arnold, 1922:114. As Parallelopsis (misspelling): Turner, 1916:258; Pate, 1937:47.

Dinetomorpha Gussakovskij, 1931:451. Not available: type species not designated (Article 13b).

Gastrargyron Gussakovskij, 1931:451. Not available: type species not designated (Article 13b).

Dinetomorpha Pate, 1937:22, Article 13a (ii) (as Dinetomorpha Gussakovskij, 1931, a subgenus of Gastrosericus). Type species: Gastrosericus flavicornis Gussakovskij, 1931 [= Gastrosericus electus Nurse, 1903], designated by Pate, 1937:22. Validation of Gussaskovskij's (1931:451) name. Synonymized with Gastrosericus by Bohart and Menke, 1976:43.

Gastrargyron Pate, 1937:28, Article 13a (ii) (as Gastrargyron Gussakovskij, 1931, a subgenus of Gastrosericus). Type species: Gastrosericus marginalis Gussakovskij, 1931, designated by Pate, 1937:22. Validation of Gussaskovskij's (1931:451) name. Synonymized with Gastrosericus by Bohart and Menke, 1976:43.

madecassus (Kohl)

Eparmatostethus madecassus Kohl, 1907:169, . Holotype: , Madagascar: Taolanaro (ZIN), examined. Pate, 1937:26 (misspelled as Eparmostethus). In Gastrosericus: Arnold, 1927:116 (Eparmatostethus synonymized with Gastrosericus), 1945:92 (ó); Leclercq, 1960:96 (Madagascar: Behara); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:256 (listed); Leclercq, 1990:115 (Madagascar: Bekily); Pulawski, 1995b:85 (revision).

zoyphion Pulawski

Gastrosericus zoyphion Pulawski, 1995b:169, , . Holotype: , Madagascar: 5 km N Toliara (CAS).

HARPACTUS

Arpactus Jurine, 1807:192, junior homonym of Arpactus Panzer, 1805, and of Arpactus Panzer, 1806. Type species: Arpactus formosus Jurine, 1807, designated by Shuckard, 1837:220.

Harpactus Shuckard, 1837:221. Emendation of Arpactus Jurine, 107. As noted by Pulawski (1985:59), Shuckard emended Arpactus on linguistic grounds, thus creating an available new name, with its own date and author (Articles 19 and 33.2). Since Harpactus is an emendation, it has the same type-species as Arpactus Jurine (Article 67.8).

Harpactes Dahlbom, 1843:147, junior homonym of Harpactes Swainson, 1837 (Aves), and of Harpactes Templeton, 1834 (Arachnida). Emendation of Harpactus Shuckard.

Dienoplus W. Fox, 1894a:548. Type species: Dienoplus pictifrons W. Fox, 1894, by monotypy.

histrio (de Saussure)

Harpactes histrio de Saussure, 1892:530, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG). As Gorytes histrio: Handlirsch, 1895:907 (new combination, redescription); Dalla Torre, 1897:542 (listed); Arnold, 1945:57 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar). As Dienoplus histrio: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:496 (new combination, listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar; variation).

HOLOTACHYSPHEX

Holotachysphex de Beaumont, 1940:179. Type species: Tachysphex holognathus Morice, 1897, by monotypy.

Phytosphex Arnold, 1951:153. Type species: Tachysphex turneri Arnold, 1923, by original designation.

Haplognatha Gussakovskij, 1952:248. Type species: Haplognatha prosopigastroides Gussakovskij, 1952, by original designation and monotypy.

sacalava (Arnold)

Tachysphex turneri sacalava Arnold, 1945:106, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN). As Holotachysphex sacalava: Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:282 (new combination, new status, listed); Pulawski, 1992a:234 (revision).

HOPLISOIDES

Hoplisoides Gribodo, 1884d:276. Type species: Hoplisoides intricans Gribodo, 1884, by monotypy.

Icuma Cameron, 1905b:21. Type species: Icuma sericea Cameron, 1905, by monotypy [= Gorytes vespoides F. Smith, 1873]. Synonymized with Hoplisoides by R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:53

bipustulatus (Arnold)

Gorytes bipustulatus Arnold, 1945:55, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily (MNHN). Leclercq, 1960a:100 (Madagascar). As Hoplisoides bipustulatus: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:520 (new combination, listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar; prey: Tettigometridae).

HOVANYSSON

Hovanysson Arnold, 1945:52. Type species: Brachystegus camelus Arnold, by original designation.

albibarbis (Arnold)

Nysson albibarbis Arnold, 1945:51, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Antananarivo, Bekily (MNHN). As Hovanysson albibarbis: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:472 (new combination, listed).

camelus (Arnold)

Brachystegus camelus Arnold, 1945:53, , . Syntypes: Madagascar: Behara, Bekily, Fort Dauphin, Ivondro (MNHN). Leclercq, 1961d:102 (Madagascar). As Hovanysson camelus: R. Bohart in Bohart and Menke, 1976:472 (new combination, listed); Leclercq, 1990b:119 (Madagascar); Hancock, Chahwanda, and Mhlanga, 1995:37 (syntype in Bulawayo Museum).

ISODONTIA

Isodontia Patton, 1880a:380. Type species: Isodontia philadelphica (Lepeletier, 1845) [= Sphex philadelphicus Lepeletier, 1845], by original designation.

Leontosphex Arnold, 1945:90. Type species: Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890, by original designation.

Murrayella R. Bohart and Menke, 1963:137. Type species: Sphex elegans F. Smith, 1856, by original designation.

leonina (de Saussure)

Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890: pl. 19, fig. 6, . Holotype: , illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). Kohl, 1895:50 (revision); Berland, 1926c:282 (Madagascar: locality records); Leclercq, 1953b:211 (Madagascar). As Isodontia leonina: Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:123 (new combination, listed).

Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1891:259, . Objective synonym of Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890. Leclercq, 1961d:108 (Madagascar). As Chlorion leoninum: Arnold, 1945:90 (Madagascar; redescription).

Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1892:431, , (as leonina, incorrect original termination). Objective synonym of Sphex leoninus de Saussure, 1890.

LARRA

Larra Fabricius, 1793:220. Type species: Larra ichneumoniformis Fabricius, 1793 [= Sphex anathema Rossi, 1790], designated by Latreille, 1810:438.

Larrana Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation or new name for Larra Fabricius, 1793.

Lara Drapiez, 1819:54. Lapsus or emendation of Larra Fabricius, 1793. [Lara LeConte, 1852, is a junior homonym]

Monomatium Shuckard, 1840:181, no included species. Type species: Larraxena princeps F. Smith, 1851, designated by Pate, 1935:246 (first included species).

Lyrops Dahlbom, 1843:132, junior homonym of Lyrops Illiger, 1807. Type species: Tachytes paganus Dahlbom, 1843, by monotypy.

Larraxena F. Smith, 1851:30. Type species: Larraxena princeps F. Smith, 1851, by monotypy.

Larrada F. Smith, 1856:273. Type species: Larrada anathema (Rossi, 1790) [= Sphex anathema Rossi, 1790], by original designation.

Cratolarra Cameron, 1900a:34. Type species: Cratolarra femorata Cameron, 1900, secondary homonym of Larra femorata (de Saussure, 1854), by monotypy. Treated as subgenus of Larra by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:42.

betsilea de Saussure

Larra betsilea de Saussure, 1887:17, (as Betsilea, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG or MNHN). de Saussure, 1892:488 (Madagascar, redescription, description of ); Arnold, 1945:114 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar), 1961d:121 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:237 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).

heydenii (de Saussure)

Notogonia heydenii de Saussure, 1890:pl.12, fig. 18, (as Heydenii, incorrect original capitalization). Holotype: , illustrated specimen, Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG). Arnold, 1945:115 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).

Notogonia heidenii de Saussure, 1891:261(as Heydenii, incorrect original capitalization). Objective synonym of Larra heydenii de Saussure, 1890.

Larra heydenii de Saussure, 1892:494, , , Syntypes: Madagascar: Anosibé in Bezanozano Province and Imerina Province (MHNG). Objective synonym of Larra heydenii de Saussure, 1890.

madecassa de Saussure

Larra madecassa de Saussure, 1887:17, . Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MHNG or MNHN). de Saussure, 1892:496 (Madagascar, redescription); Arnold, 1945:116 (Madagascar; redescription); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 116 (Madagascar).

saussurei Kohl

Larra prismatica de Saussure, 1887:17, , primary homonym of Larra prismatica F. Smith, 1857 (now in Bembecinus). Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: no specific locality (MNHN). – Arnold, 1945:114 (Madagascar; redescription); Leclercq, 1960a:97 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar).

Larra saussurei Kohl, 1892:219, (as Saussurei, incorrect original capitalization). Syntypes: Madagascar: no specific locality (NHMW). Synonymized with Larra prismatica de Saussure by W. Schulz, 1911:190. – R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Dollfuss, 1989:10 (type material in NHMW); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 117 (Madagascar).

variipes de Saussure

Larra carbonaria de Saussure, 1892:491, , secondary homonym of Larra carbonaria (F. Smith, 1858). Holotype or syntypes: , Madagascar: Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG).

Larra variipes de Saussure, 1892:493, . Syntypes: , Madagascar: Andrangoloaka and Bezanozano: Anosibé (MHNG). – W. Schulz, 1911:190 (as new synonym of Larra prismatica de Saussure); R. Bohart and Menke, 1976:238 (listed); Leclercq, 1990b:115 (in key), 117 (Madagascar); Madl, 1997:820 (Madagascar: Nosy Boraha Island), 821 (in checklist of Nosy Boraha Sphecidae).

Larra carbunculus Dalla Torre, 1897. Replacement name for Larra carbonaria de Saussure, 1892. – Arnold, 1945:116 (Madagascar; redescription, as valid species); Leclercq, 1960a:96 (Madagascar), 1961d:112 (Madagascar).

LIRIS

Liris Fabricius, 1804:227. Type species: Sphex auratus Fabricius, 1787, designated by Patton, 1880b:386.

Lirisis Rafinesque, 1815:124. Emendation or replacement name for Liris Fabricius, 1804.

Notogonia A. Costa, 1867b:82, junior homonym of Notogonia Perty, 1850 (Crustacea). Type species: Tachytes niger of Vander Linden, 1829 [= Larra nigra of Latreille, 1805 = Pompilus niger of Panzer, 1799 = Sphex niger Fabricius, 1775], by monotypy.

Motes Kohl, 1897a:351. Type species: "Notogonia odontophora Kohl, 1892" [= Larra odontophora Kohl, 1894], designated by Pate, 1837c:41.

Caenolarra Cameron, 1900a:28. Type species: Caenolarra appendiculata Cameron, 1900 [= Spanolarra rufitarsis Cameron, 1900], secondary homonym of Liris appendiculatus (Taschenberg, 1870) by monotypy.

Leptolarra Cameron, 1900a:29. Type species: Leptolarra reticulata Cameron, 1900, secondary homonym of Liris reticulatus (de Saussure, 1892) [= Leptolara reticuloides Richards, 1935 = Liris nigricans reticuloides (Richards)], designated by Richards, 1935a:164.

Spanolarra Cameron, 1900a:32. Type species: Spanolarra rufitarsis Cameron, 1900, by monotypy.

Notogonius Howard, 1901:pl. 6, fig. 1 (June). Lapsus for Notogonia A. Costa. Bohart and Menke (1976:43) write the following: There are numerous spelling errors in Howard's book, and we regard Notogonius as a lapsus for Notogonia Costa. This wiev was also shared by G.E. Bohart (1951:954) who nevertheless recognized Notogonius nigripennis (W. Fox) as type species, an unnecessary action. The specimen figured by Howard is in the U.S. National Museum and is Liris argentatus (Palisot de Beauvois), not nigripennis.

Chrysolarra Cameron, 1901b:118 (Aug.). Type species: Chrysolarra appendiculata Cameron, 1901, secondary homonym of Liris appendiculatus (Taschenberg, 1870), designated by Pate, 1837c:18.

Notogonidea Rohwer, 1911d:234. Replacement name for Notogonia A. Costa, 1867.

Dociliris Tsuneki, 1967b:26, as subgenus of Liris. Type species: Larrada subtessellata F. Smith, 1856, by original designation. Synonymized with Leptolarra Cameron, 1900, by Menke in Bohart and Menke, 1976:43.

Nigliris Tsuneki, 1967b:27, as subgenus of Liris. Type species: Notogonia japonica